Public perceptions and knowledge about hypercholesterolemia and its management: A Population-based survey

Background: Hypercholesterolemia is a growing problem and appears to be a threat to people globally. This study aims to determine the levels of awareness and general knowledge about hypercholesterolemia and its management in the Jordanian population. Methods: A cross-sectional, community-based survey methodology was used here for the sample population of Jordanians aged 21 to 70 years. The demographic information, medical history, hypercholesterolemia information and its treatment were shared through social networks within Jordan among a broad demographic population over the period of June to December 2024 through an online questionnaire. The questionnaire was constructed based on an assessment of the published literature, expert opinion, and a pilot test that successfully evaluated the reliability and validity using Cronbach’s alpha of 0.93. The survey was completed by 596 subjects and analyses were performed in SPSS software. Results: According to the study, 50% of participants were found to have done cholesterol testing and 70.9% was stated to know that cholesterol was associated with atherosclerosis. High-fat diet was diagnosed as a risk factor by 83.2%, yet only 44.29% identified family history as a factor. Significantly, 91.78% indicated that exercise is essential for cholesterol management (p < 0.01). At the same time, 40.77% did not know about side effects of statin. Furthermore, 47.81% reported they used supplements like omega-3 (p < 0.05). While highlighting existing knowledge deficits about risk factors, complications, and treatment, these results suggest the need for a public health approach to educate individuals on appropriate cholesterol management strategies and adherence with proper education campaigns. Conclusion: Although the overall knowledge about high cholesterol indicates that some people are more alert, this study argues that the sharing of information could still be improved. Better knowledge about cholesterol testing, how it can create complications or lead to adverse treatment by doctors can enable better management of the condition for those at higher risk for it, and a healthier outcome.