Public Perception and Knowledge of Dyslipidemia Management: A Cross-sectional Study in Malaysia

Dyslipidemia constitutes one of the significant modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Public knowledge and awareness of dyslipidemia could potentially reduce the CVDs burden. This study aimed to (1) assess the level of knowledge and perception of dyslipidemia with its management among the public; (2) identify the factors associated with the level of knowledge and (3) explore the public’s experience and perceived difficulties in the prevention or management of dyslipidemia. A cross-sectional study using a validated questionnaire was conducted among Malaysians aged 35 years and above from Klang Valley, Malaysia. A convenience sampling method was used. The questionnaire was distributed via social media (WhatsApp and Facebook) and face-to-face at the clinic, residential area and academic institution. Of the 257 respondents, a substantial of them (70%) had poor knowledge with a mean knowledge score of 1.85±1.78. Respondents’ medical background was found to be significantly associated with knowledge status (p= 0.03). Over half (64.2%) were aware of undertaking regular cholesterol screening tests at healthcare facilities, with 25% of them preferred private hospitals for cholesterol screening. Most respondents (74.4%) reported that diet is the main component contributing to cholesterol management, and hence controlling food intake remains a major difficulty in managing the disease. The public's knowledge of dyslipidemia and its management is still poor. To increase awareness and management, future interventions should focus on addressing knowledge gaps in dyslipidemia, particularly on the symptoms and misconceptions associated with the long-term use of cholesterol medications. Besides, promoting annual cholesterol screening is crucial as dyslipidemia is often asymptomatic.