Key result
PT clot waveform parameters correlate linearly with INR, tracking baseline length and velocity changes.
Why the study?
Research on prothrombin time clot waveform analysis and its potential clinical applications among patients receiving stable warfarin therapy is limited.
Does Prothrombin Time clot waveform analysis correlate with INR values and characterize coagulation variations in patients on stable warfarin therapy?
Cross-Sectional (n=159)
No
Does Prothrombin Time clot waveform analysis correlate with INR values and characterize coagulation variations in patients on stable warfarin therapy?
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Prothrombin time clot waveform analysis parameters correlate significantly with INR values in warfarin-treated patients while revealing individual waveform variations at similar INR levels that may help stratify bleeding risk.
The optical method in coagulometers offers an advantage over the mechanical method by providing the clot waveform analysis (CWA). CWA involves continuously monitoring light absorbance during clot formation, aiding in diagnosing and evaluating conditions like sepsis and haemophilia. However, there is limited research on CWA for patients on warfarin. This study aims to analyse the Prothrombin Time (PT) CWA pattern among patients on stable warfarin treatment and potential clinical applications. A cross-sectional study involving patients on warfarin were recruited and ACL TOP 300 coagulation analyser was used for PT/INR measurement and CWA. The parameters studied included baseline length, delta change, time of endpoint, and maximum velocity. All parameters were manually recorded and statistically analysed, including descriptive analysis of the clot waveform. A total of 159 stable warfarinised patients were included, with 106 patients had INR of 2.0-4.5, forty-two patients had INR value of <2.0, whereas 11 patients had INR >4.5. The PT CWA showed a statistically significant relationship between INR and the PT clot waveform parameters. Various clot waveform parameters were seen among patients on stable warfarin. This suggests that individual variations can influence drug sensitivity and risk of bleeding even though with similar INR values. CWA may give a predictive value of bleeding tendencies in patients with prolonged INR. Further research to explore the PT clot waveform pattern and risk of bleeding is needed as the PT CWA may become a predictive method of potential risk for patients on warfarin or other anticoagulant drugs. Keywords Clot waveform analysis; prothrombin time; INR; warfarin
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Iberahim et al. (2026) conducted a cross-sectional in Atrial fibrillation or cardiovascular-related indications requiring warfarin therapy (n=159). Warfarin therapy (Prothrombin Time Clot Waveform Analysis across INR levels) vs. Varying INR levels (<2.0, 2.0-4.5, >4.5) was evaluated on Linear association between optical INR (2.0-4.5) and PT clot waveform baseline length (b 9.703, 95% CI 9.364, 10.043, p=<0.001). Prothrombin time clot waveform parameters correlated linearly with INR in warfarinized patients, increasing baseline length (b=9.70, p<0.001) and decreasing maximum velocity (b=-23.67, p=0.003).
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