Exploring the Perception of Antimicrobial Resistance among the Higher Secondary Students of Bangladesh

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) represents a significant global health issue, especially impacting low- and middle-income countries, including Bangladesh. Previous research has explored AMR awareness among healthcare professionals and communities; however, there is a lack of studies focusing on higher secondary students, who represent the final stage of school education before entering higher education. This study investigates the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of higher secondary students regarding antimicrobial resistance (AMR), utilizing a mixed-methods sequential explanatory design, incorporating surveys of 160 students from schools across four districts, following interviews, focus group discussions (FGDs), and document analysis. The results reveal that students generally have a limited understanding of AMR, as shown by widespread misconceptions about antibiotic effectiveness and appropriate use. Despite favorable perceptions among students, levels of self-efficacy and personal accountability were found to be low. Self-medication and the acquisition of antibiotics without a prescription exemplify behaviors that highlight systemic issues. These findings highlight the necessity of incorporating AMR education into educational curricula. Educational activities should emphasize appropriate antibiotic use, the dangers of unsupervised medication, and the importance of hygiene. Targeted interventions, including media campaigns and school-based workshops, can improve students' understanding of AMR and promote appropriate antibiotic use.