The Role of Servant Leadership Practices in Reducing Workplace Incivility at Al-Sadr Teaching Hospital in Najaf

The importance of servant leadership in the prevention and reduction of workplace Incivility in organisations. This is done by conducting an exploratory-interpretive field research of the opinions of a sample of medical and nursing professionals. The study variables consist of independent variables (servant leadership practices and its dimensions: empowerment, ethical behaviour, and helping subordinates grow and succeed) and dependent ones (workplace Incivility and its dimensions: verbal abuse, belittling, and undermining work). The difficulty of the study is ascribed to some negative and workplace Incivility behaviours stemming from the hard work pressures and the importance of relations in the work of hospitals. To justify seeking a kind of servant leadership style that reduces these behaviours. The study was a field work in Al-Sadr Teaching Hospital in Najaf Governorate. The study sample was the medical and nursing professionals in the field. We distributed 290 questionnaires and retrieved 272 questionnaires. The returned surveys were screened, and 12 invalid questionnaires were discarded, leaving 260 questionnaires for the final statistical analysis, which had an effective response percentage of 89.7%. To test the hypotheses and consistent with the objectives of the study [and the associated complexity], the researcher used a number of sophisticated statistical tools, mainly descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, and coefficient of variation), Pearson correlation matrix, Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), and Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) to test direct effects using SPSS for Windows, version 27, and AMOS version 25. One of the study aims was to determine the extent to which the severity of servant leadership aspects would reduce workplace Incivility. The results indicated a highly negative influence of the independent variable, as servant leadership explained 60% of the change occurred in unpleasant behaviour. The study ends with an important administrative recommendation of activating and developing the practices of administrative empowerment and the practice of delegation of responsible authority to the health staff as the most influencing and decisive dimension in limiting the rude behaviour and ensuring safe and stable environment for work.