Dicranomyia (Erostrata) koreana Kim & Bae 2023

Dicranomyia (Erostrata) koreana Kim & Bae, 2023 Figs 4, 5, 6, 7 Dicranomyia (Erostrata) koreana Kim & Bae, 2023: 200. Type locality: South Korea. Specimens examined. China • 1 ♂; Henan Province, Xinxiang City, Huixian City, Shangbali Town, Baligou Scenic Area; 35 ° 36 ' 9.35 " N, 113 ° 34 ' 9.03 " E; 584.9 m a. s. l.; 11 May 2017; Xin Li leg.; CAU • 1 ♂; Shandong Province, Qingdao City, Chengyang District, Xiazhuang Subdistrict, Qingyu Village; 36 ° 16 ' 27.10 " N, 120 ° 31 ' 35.21 " E; 21 Jun. – 15 Jul. 2022, Malaise trap; QAU • 1 ♂; Shandong Province, Qingdao City, Chengyang District, Xifu Town Subdistrict, Qijiangu Scenic Area; 36 ° 17 ' 51.54 " N, 120 ° 34 ' 13.71 " E; 15 Jul. – 23 Aug. 2022, Malaise trap; QAU • 3 ♂♂; Shandong Province, Qingdao City, Laoshan District, Beizhai Subdistrict, Beijiushui Scenic Area; 36 ° 13 ' 27.35 " N, 120 ° 34 ' 55.02 " E; 17 Jul. – 31 Aug. 2022, Malaise trap; QAU • 1 ♂ 1 ♀; Shandong Province, Qingdao City, Laoshan District, Shazikou Subdistrict, Laoshan Jufeng Scenic Area; 36 ° 10 ' 9.93 " N, 120 ° 37 ' 27.22 " E; 16 Jul. – 16 Aug. 2022, Malaise trap; QAU. Diagnosis. Prescutum and presutural scutum brownish yellow. Postsutural scutum brown with posteromedial area slightly darker. Pleuron brownish yellow, darker near base of wing. Femora brownish yellow, gradually darkening towards the apex. Vein Sc ending opposite about 1 / 3 length of Rs, m-cu at base of dm. Tergite 9 posterior margin with two small, rounded lobes separated by U-shaped notch. Gonostylus gradually tapering, tip dorsally with a stout black spine, ventrally with dense short black spines. Paramere with tip rounded and darker. Aedeagus tip forked and recurved. Description. Male. Body length 3.2–4.1 mm, wing length 3.8–5.0 mm. Head (Fig. 4 A, B). Yellow, vertex and occiput pale brown. Setae on head dark brown. Antennae with 14 segments, pale brown with scape paler. Scape cylindrical, 1.5 times as long as wide. Pedicel oval, 1.2 times as long as wide, tip slightly enlarged. Flagellomeres long-oval, outermost flagellomere constricted at tip third, each with 3–5 verticils, outermost one with two additional short setae at tip. Rostrum pale yellow with dark-brown setae. Palpus pale brownish yellow, three segments with dark-brown setae observed. Thorax (Fig. 4 C). Pronotum brownish yellow. Prescutum and presutural scutum brownish yellow. Postsutural scutum brownish yellow with posteromedial area slightly darker. Scutellum dark brownish yellow. Mediotergite brownish yellow with anterior margin darker. Pleuron (Fig. 4 A) brownish yellow, darker near base of wing. Thorax with dark brown setae. Coxae (Fig. 4 A) pale yellow; trochanters pale yellow; femora brownish yellow, gradually darkening towards apex; tibiae brown; tarsi brown with tip paler. Setae on legs dark brown. Wing (Fig. 4 E) brownish yellow; veins brown. Venation: Sc ending opposite about 1 / 3 length of Rs; sc-r close to tip of Sc; Rs arising from mid-wing, base curved; cell dm closed, 1.5 times as long as wide; m-cu at base of dm. Halter (Fig. 4 D) pale brownish yellow, base and knob darker. Abdomen (Fig. 4 A). Abdominal segments 1–7 with tergites brown, sternites brownish yellow, segment 8 pale brownish yellow; sternite 7 (Fig. 5 C) with a broad-based internal sac tapering to a slightly pointed apex and bearing a U-shaped opening. Setae on abdomen brown. Hypopygium (Figs 5, 6). Generally pale brownish yellow. Tergite 9 (Fig. 5 A, D) nearly rounded, posterior margin with two small, rounded lobes separated by U-shaped notch, each lobe with about 14–16 long brown setae, and median area also with 1–2 setae. Gonocoxite (Fig. 5 A, B) conical, slightly swollen medially; a ventromesal lobe at its middle, with length about 1 / 3 of gonocoxite. Gonostylus (Fig. 5 A, B, E, F) about 2 / 3 length of gonocoxite, outer side at basal 1 / 3 with two separate transparent spines (Fig. 5 E), gradually tapering, tip dorsally with a stout black spine (Fig. 5 F), ventrally with dense short black spines, surface setose. Paramere (Fig. 6 A – D) in lateral view broad at base, narrowed and curved apically, with tip rounded and darker. Aedeagus (Fig. 6 A – C, E) long, extending to about 1 / 2 of gonostylus, widened at base, tip forked and recurved. Female. Body length 4.0 mm, wing length 4.2 mm. Generally similar to male in body coloration. Ovipositor (Fig. 7) with tergite 8 brownish yellow, about 1.3 times as long as tergite 9. Tergite 9 brownish yellow. Tergite 10 brownish yellow, about 3.0 times as long as tergite 9. Cercus short, brownish yellow, with tip acute, curved upward. Hypogynial valve brownish yellow, with base brownish black and middle paler, extending to just before tip of cercus. Distribution. China (Henan, Shandong); South Korea. Remarks. Dicranomyia (E.) koreana was described very recently from South Korea (Kim and Bae 2023). Its discovery in Shandong and Henan provinces represents the first confirmed occurrence of the subgenus D. (Erostrata) in the Palaearctic part of China. This extends the species’ known range by more than 1000 km westward, crossing the Yellow Sea. In the molecular phylogeny presented by Kim and Bae (2023), D. (E.) koreana belongs to the clade that lacks strong black spines on the mesal face of gonostylus. Together with D. (E.) tabashii and D. (E.) yazuensis (both also known from Korea and Japan), it forms a lineage that appears to be successful in dispersing across the marginal seas of East Asia. The occurrence of D. (E.) koreana in Henan, well inland from the coast, indicates that the species is not restricted to coastal hills but has penetrated the interior warm-temperate mountains of the North China Plain.