Key result
Type 2 diabetes linked to ~42% higher LDL-C alongside adverse lipid and BP profiles.
Why the study?
Although dyslipidaemia and hypertension frequently accompany T2DM, local evidence describing their patterns among patients with T2DM in Calabar, Nigeria is limited.
Cross-Sectional (n=80)
No
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
In a Nigerian tertiary hospital cohort, adults with Type 2 diabetes mellitus had significantly higher total and LDL cholesterol levels alongside higher rates of elevated blood pressure and poor glycaemic control compared to non-diabetic controls, underscoring the need for routine lipid and blood pressure monitoring in this population.
Context: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is frequently accompanied by dyslipidaemia and hypertension. Although these cardiometabolic abnormalities are well documented, there is limited local evidence describing their pattern among patients with T2DM in Calabar, Nigeria. This study compared lipid profile parameters and blood pressure patterns between adults with T2DM and healthy non-diabetic controls. Materials and Methods: A hospital-based comparative cross-sectional study was conducted among 80 adults comprising 40 T2DM patients and 40 apparently healthy non-diabetic controls recruited from the University of Calabar Teaching Hospital, Nigeria. Fasting venous blood samples were collected for the determination of serum total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C) and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL-C). Blood pressure and anthropometric measurements were obtained using standardized procedures. Results: Diabetic participants exhibited significantly higher LDL-C (4.64±2.40 vs. 3.27±1.78 mmol/L; p = 0.005) and TC (6.79±2.45 vs. 5.56±1.88 mmol/L; p = 0.004) than non-diabetic controls. No significant differences were observed in HDL-C, TG, or VLDL-C (p >0.05). Anthropometric parameters were comparable between groups. However, blood pressure patterns differed significantly (p = 0.008), with elevated blood pressure occurring more frequently among diabetic participants. HbA1C also differed significantly as 70.0% of diabetic participants had HbA1c values within the diabetic range compared with none of the controls (p<0.001). Conclusion: T2DM was associated with significantly elevated atherogenic lipid fractions, abnormal blood pressure patterns, and poor long-term glycaemic control, highlighting an increased cardiovascular risk among affected individuals.
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MU et al. (2026) conducted a cross-sectional in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (n=80). Type 2 diabetes mellitus vs. Healthy non-diabetic controls was evaluated on Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) concentration (mmol/L) (p=0.005). Type 2 diabetes mellitus was associated with higher LDL-C (4.64 vs 3.27 mmol/L, p=0.005), total cholesterol (6.79 vs 5.56 mmol/L, p=0.004), and elevated BP (30.0% vs 2.5%, p=0.008) vs controls.
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