Key result
Low serum magnesium linked to ~14-point higher rate of severe LV dysfunction in HFrEF.
Why the study?
Lower circulating magnesium concentrations have been increasingly linked to more severe HF, motivating an evaluation of the relationship between serum magnesium levels and the severity of HFrEF.
Is low serum magnesium level (<1.8 mg/dl) associated with greater severity of heart failure in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (LVEF <40%)?
Cross-Sectional (n=180)
No
Is low serum magnesium level (<1.8 mg/dl) associated with greater severity of heart failure in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (LVEF <40%)?
In patients with HFrEF, low serum magnesium (<1.8 mg/dl) is significantly associated with greater disease severity, including lower LVEF, higher NT-proBNP levels, and worse functional capacity on the walk test.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Low magnesium was associated with severe LV dysfunction in HFrEF; hypothesis-generating, prospective trials needed before clinical adoption.
Background: Heart failure (HF) is a major public health issue. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) has been used to classify Heart Failure (HF) into phenotypes. Over the past few years, there has been more evidence that people with lower circulating magnesium concentrations have had more severe heart Failure. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between serum magnesium levels and the severity of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction.Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted at the Department of Cardiology, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, for 12 months following ethical approval. A total of 180 heart failure patients with reduced ejection fraction (<40%) were included after getting written informed consent, wherein 90 patients had Low magnesium levels (<1.8 mg/dl), and the remaining 90 patients had normal magnesium levels (>1.8 mg/dl). Data were collected in separate case record forms and analyzed by SPSS 26.0.Results: The mean age of the respondents was 63.16±12.57 years in low magnesium level and 63.67±12.96 years in normal magnesium. Among respondents with low magnesium levels, dyslipidemia was predominant (82.2%), followed by hypertension (56.7%) and diabetes mellitus (40%), with no significant difference between the two groups (p>0.05). Severe left ventricular dysfunction was observed in 78.9% of low magnesium level respondents, significantly higher than in those with normal magnesium levels (56.7%). Serum magnesium levels showed a significant negative correlation with NT-proBNP levels (rs= -0.148, p=0.048), HFrEF levels (rs= 0.205, p=0.006), and 6MWT levels (rs= 0.329, p<0.001). Conclusion: Low Serum Magnesium Level is associated with the severity of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. However, a further larger study is recommended.
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Islam et al. (2026) conducted a cross-sectional in Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) (n=180). Low serum magnesium level (<1.8 mg/dl) vs. Normal serum magnesium level (>1.8 mg/dl) was evaluated on Severe left ventricular dysfunction (LVEF <30%) (p=0.041). Low serum magnesium (<1.8 mg/dl) was associated with a higher prevalence of severe left ventricular dysfunction compared to normal magnesium (41.1% vs 26.7%, p=0.041) in patients with HFrEF.
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