Causal Boundaries, Topological Reference Constraints, and Topologically Residual-Dominated Cosmological Effects

In the GDUM pregeometric layered readout architecture, the vacuum speed of light, the lightlike boundary, the kinematic constraints on massive particle motion, and the fine-structure-constant reference together constitute a self-consistent apparent-layer causal substrate. Together with the gravitational behavior of dark matter and the cosmological effects driving the accelerated expansion of the universe, all of these arise in a unified manner as apparent-layer emergent outcomes generated by coarse-graining of the underlying invariant topological primitive through the readout functor, rather than as prior axioms pre-given by the spacetime background.