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Public relations departments play a pivotal role in building institutional reputation and reinforcing the positive image of official organizations through effective communication with the media, identifying the current and future needs of stakeholders, strengthening internal organizational communication, and leveraging modern communication technologies to ensure rapid outreach, greater efficiency, and enhanced communication effectiveness. The significance of these responsibilities becomes even more pronounced during crises and emergency situations, which impose additional demands on public relations departments to address challenges and manage circumstances that may adversely affect the organization's reputation, thereby requiring sustained efforts to protect, preserve, and enhance that reputation under exceptional conditions. This, in turn, necessitates the adoption of appropriate communication strategies capable of supporting institutional reputation during crises while ensuring their effectiveness in reducing public anxiety, particularly amid political and social tensions and rapidly changing environments. Furthermore, the design and implementation of these communication strategies should take into account the prevailing cultural and social contexts to maximize the effectiveness of communication processes and achieve their intended objectives. In this context, public relations departments within government institutions increasingly adopt comprehensive, integrated, and diversified communication strategies during crises, whereby the efforts of public relations practitioners are coordinated within a unified strategic framework. Such strategies should be characterized by clarity, accuracy, consistency, and flexibility, while being derived from broader strategic plans shared across government entities to promote institutional coordination and encourage constructive engagement with all segments of society. Moreover, in light of digital transformation and the widespread adoption of artificial intelligence applications, it has become imperative for public relations departments to integrate these advanced technologies into their communication practices to meet the demands of the contemporary communication environment, expand organizational reach and influence, and strengthen institutional reputation, particularly during periods of crisis and uncertainty.
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Alsubaie et al. (2026) studied this question.
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