Factors Associated with Hypertension Comorbidity among Prolanis Participants with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs), particularly hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), are increasing public health concerns in Indonesia. The Chronic Disease Management Program (Prolanis) aims to monitor and control NCD risk factors, but its health indicator achievements remain suboptimal. This cross-sectional study analysed factors associated with hypertension comorbidity among Prolanis participants with T2DM in three primary care clinics in Ungaran Timur Subdistrict. Total sampling included 86 Prolans participants; the primary analysis was restricted to 55 participants with T2DM, comprising 32 with hypertension-T2DM and 23 with T2DM only. Data were collected through interviews and direct measurements using a modified WHO STEPwise questionnaire and analysed descriptively and bivariately. Most participants were women aged 60 years or older, not formally employed, had inadequate fruit and vegetable intake, and reported excessive salt consumption and substantial secondhand smoke exposure. Employment status was significantly associated with hypertension comorbidity among participants with T2DM (prevalence odds ratio [POR] = 4.95; 95% CI: 1.41–17.40), whereas other examined factors were not statistically significant. The wide confidence interval indicates limited precision. The descriptive risk factor profile supports continued integrated monitoring and lifestyle interventions within Prolanis, while the employment association should be interpreted cautiously given the small analytic sample, bivariate analysis, and cross-sectional design.