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SIMULATED, NOT MEASURED. A solar-powered UV-C LED disinfection unit for a village standpipe, sized from dose physics with the minimum dose as the design number. A baffled serpentine reactor (8 tanks in series) has a 5th-percentile dose of 0.4976 of the mean, so the mean dose is set at 2.01 times the required fluence; sizing on the mean would leave a fraction 0.547 of the flow under-treated. At 5 NTU and 20 L/min, a guaranteed 4-log bacteria-class dose (16 mJ/cm2) requires 151.5 W of LED electrical power (0.1262 Wh per litre), a 345 Wp photovoltaic array and a 404 Wh battery for 8-hour daylight service treating 9600 L per day. A 4-log virus-class dose (160 mJ/cm2) costs a multiple of 10.0 on power, energy, array and battery. The unit needs no chemical supply chain and provides no residual protection after treatment.
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William Alexander Aldred (2026) studied this question.
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