Additive Manufacturing in Maritime Spare-Part Management: Applications, Barriers, and Environmental Implications—A Systematic Review

Background/Objectives: This paper reviews the role of additive manufacturing (AM) in maritime spare-part management, focusing on application areas, expected benefits, adoption barriers, and environmental implications. Methods: The review combines a structured Scopus search with backward and forward snowballing and includes peer-reviewed studies together with selected conference and grey-literature sources relevant to industrial applications. The selected literature was classified according to application domain, implementation challenges, and circular-economy relevance. Results: AM has been mainly investigated for prototyping, spare-part and end-use component production, repair and obsolescence management, and decentralized manufacturing through digital inventories, port-based hubs, or onboard production. The evidence indicates that AM can improve availability, reduce lead times and dependence on physical inventories, and support responsive maintenance, particularly for rare-demand, low-volume, obsolete, or difficult-to-source parts. Adoption remains constrained by certification, quality assurance, operational conditions, digital governance, economic feasibility, and skills. Environmental benefits may arise through waste valorization, recycled or locally available materials, and component life extension. Conclusions: AM emerges as a selective and complementary capability rather than a universal replacement for conventional supply chains. A literature-derived conceptual framework is proposed to synthesize the main dimensions relevant to maritime spare-part sourcing decisions.