Bio-inspired nanotechnology for dengue vector control: Progress and prospects

The global resurgence of dengue fever due to Aedes aegypti has necessitated the development of innovative and potentially sustainable vector control strategies. Conventional methods that were initially effective now pose significant challenges, causing nuisance to the environment and public health with the resurgence of the vector. To overcome these challenges, the combination of natural products with nanotechnology offers a promising green alternative. This review explores the potential of phytochemicals from plants and nanoscience as future strategies for prolonged and targeted action against dengue vectors. Plant-derived bioactive compounds exhibit strong larvicidal, ovicidal, and repellent activities, however, their poor bioavailability limits their use. Nanocarriers may overcome this challenge by enhancing the efficacy, stability, and controlled release of bioactive compounds, ensuring higher mosquito mortality and limited environmental hazards. This review also addresses the advancements in green nanotechnology for vector control, their mechanisms of action, and their potential applications. The convergence of traditional herbal insecticides with modern nanotechnology can prove a new paradigm of sustainable vector management while preserving the environment and human health.