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Economic education is an important aspect of equipping prospective elementary school teachers with the ability to understand economic concepts and integrate them into the learning process. This study aims to develop a personalized learning-based economics instructional model to improve the economic literacy of students in the Elementary School Teacher Education (PGSD) program. The research employs a Research and Development (R&D) approach through several stages, including needs analysis, model design, instructional material development, expert validation, implementation, and evaluation. The developed model integrates the principles of personalized learning, Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs), smart learning, interactive multimedia, and digital learning assessment. This model is designed to provide flexible, adaptive, interactive, and student-centered learning experiences that address individual student needs. The expected outcome is a digital economics learning model that can serve as an alternative innovation in the education and preparation of prospective elementary school teachers.
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Ikhsan (2026) studied this question.
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