Geoeducation and Valorisation of Ecocultural Resources: Contributions to Tourism Sustainability at Estrela Geopark (Portugal)

Geodiversity and geological heritage are eco-cultural resources of great scientific, educational and tourist value, and are of particular importance for the sustainable development of rural and natural areas. The aim of this study is to analyse how the geo-education strategies developed by the UNESCO Estrela Global Geopark contribute to the enhancement of eco-cultural resources, geoconservation, community engagement and the sustainability of tourism. A qualitative and exploratory approach, based on a case study, was adopted. The fieldwork took place over eight months and involved semi-structured interviews with 12 experts, observation of educational activities and interpretative trails, the compilation of field notes, and the analysis of documents, programmes and materials produced by the Geopark. The data were subjected to a thematic content analysis and organised according to the main objectives, actions and results identified. The results highlight five key areas of intervention: cooperation with local authorities and communities; establishing partnerships with schools; producing teaching materials and designing trails; installing interpretative panels; and developing a network for science and education for sustainability. It is concluded that geoeducation constitutes a central element in linking scientific knowledge, heritage enhancement, geoconservation and sustainable tourism, contributing to improving the interpretation of the territory, strengthening communities’ sense of belonging and promoting more responsible behaviour amongst residents and visitors.