Evolving Mechanisms, Enduring Goals: NICHD OPPTB Support for the Science of Therapeutics in Pregnancy and Childhood (2004–Present)

The Obstetric and Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics Branch (OPPTB) of the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) was formed in 2004 following the enactment of the Best Pharmaceuticals for Children Act (BPCA) of 2002, in recognition of the unique research needs of studying therapeutics in pregnant women and in children of all ages. During the past two decades, the branch has supported basic, translational, and clinical research in maternal and pediatric therapeutics, including the application of emerging technologies and training and career-development activities. Its portfolio has evolved in response to scientific, regulatory, and legislative changes and has expanded to include pediatric medical devices and a stronger focus on lactation pharmacology. This mini-review describes the evolution of these programs, selected contributions, remaining limitations, and future scientific priorities.