Agrobiological and Technological Characterization of Traditional Romanian Grapevine Cultivars Preserved at I.N.C.D.B.H. Ștefănești, Argeș, Under the Growing Conditions of 2026

The study aimed to characterize the agrobiological and technological traits of five traditional Romanian grapevine cultivars Ardeleanca, Coada oilor, Galbenă uriașă, Gordan, and Coarnă neagră preserved in the germplasm collection of I.N.C.D.B.H. Ștefănești, Argeș, Romania. The research conducted in 2026 focused on fertility and productivity indicators, grape bunchbiometric characteristics, and the physicochemical parameters of grape must. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences among cultivars for several of the characteristics studied (Duncan's multiple range test, p ≤ 0,05). The cultivar Galbenă uriașă exhibited the highest number of fertile shoots (15 shoots per vine), an absolute fertility coefficient of 1,47,and the highest relative productivity index (453,18). In contrast, Coarnă neagră cultivar recorded the highest mean weight (431,07 g), weight of 100 berries (393,81 g), and an absolute productivity index (549,39). The results highlight the potential of these autochthonous genetic resources to improve fertility and the biometric characteristics of grape clusters through breeding.