The Influence of Climatic Conditions on the Phenological Dynamics of Indigenous and Local Grapevine Genotypes in Southern Oltenia

This study presents results obtained over a three-year period (2024–2026) concerning the evaluation of local grapevine genotypes cultivated under the pedoclimatic conditions of the Research and Development Station for Plant Cultivation on Sandy Soils in Dăbuleni (southern Oltenia, Romania). The experiment was established in a young vineyard trained on a trellissystem, with a planting distance of 1.2 × 2.5 m and drip irrigation. The biological material included three indigenous genotypes ('Parmac', 'Berbecel', and 'Roșioară') and one local genotype ('Gălbioară'). The main phenological stages were monitored according to the BBCH scale. Phenological observations indicated a relatively uniform progression of the growth stages. During the study period, budburst occurred between April 3 and 14, flowering between May 19 and June 2, veraison between July 24 and August 10, and grape ripening between September 2 and 18, with variations observed among genotypes and years. The results contribute to the characterization and conservation of local grapevine germplasm and may support the identification of genotypes with enhanced adaptability to increasingly variable climatic conditions affecting viticulture.