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An overview of recent CMS measurements in soft diffraction and central exclusive production at the Large Hadron Collider is provided, utilizing the joint experimental capabilities of the CMS and TOTEM detectors. We detail significant cross-section measurements for single- and double-diffractive processes at [Formula: see text] TeV, charged-particle distributions in diffraction-enhanced samples and [Formula: see text] TeV, highlighting the role of large rapidity gaps in isolating diffractive topologies. Furthermore, the latest advances in the physics of central exclusive production are outlined, with a detailed phenomenological study of nonresonant continuum charged-hadron pair production enabled by precision proton reconstruction in the TOTEM Roman pots. These studies provide critical insights into pomeron-mediated exchanges and nonperturbative QCD.
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F. Siklér (2026) studied this question.
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