Perioperative Hemodynamic Changes in Patients is Undergoing Spine Surgery Under General Anaesthesia

Background: Prone positioning during spine surgery under general anesthesia causes cardiovascular and respiratory alterations that may compromise the perioperative stability.Understanding these changes is essential for safe anesthetic management, particularly after patient positioning.This study evaluated perioperative hemodynamic and respiratory changes following transition from supine to prone position in patients undergoing elective spine surgery under general anesthesia.Methods: This observational study was conducted at a tertiary care orthopedic institute from January to December 2025.Eighty adult patients undergoing spinal surgery under standardized general anesthesia were enrolled in the study.Hemodynamic and respiratory parameters were recorded in the supine position, immediately after prone positioning and at 5 and 10 min thereafter.Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25.0.Results: Transition to the prone position resulted in a significant reduction in systolic blood pressure from 128.5 ± 14.2 mmHg to 115.3 ± 11.0 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure from 74.8 ± 7.2 mmHg to 71.0 ± 6.5 mmHg and mean arterial pressure from 92.7 ± 8.6 mmHg to 85.8 ± 7.2 mmHg (p < 0.001).Peak airway pressure increased from 14.0 ± 1.6 cmH₂O to 15.7 ± 1.5 cmH₂O (p < 0.001).Heart rate, oxygen saturation and end-tidal carbon dioxide levels showed no significant changes.Systolic blood pressure and mean arterial pressure recovered to 123.1 ± 10.2 mmHg and 89.2 ± 6.5 mmHg within 10 minutes.Conclusion: Prone positioning during spine surgery under general anesthesia causes significant but transient hemodynamic changes with stable respiratory parameters, emphasizing the need for vigilant monitoring during early post-positioning.