Recent advances in bioplastics generation from agro-industrial waste

Growing concerns regarding plastic pollution and poor waste management have driven the search for sustainable solutions to mitigate the linear life cycle of plastic products. Biopolymers and bioplastics derived from renewable resources have emerged as promising alternatives to petroleum-based plastics and as an opportunity for research within a circular economy framework. In this review, we explore the generation of bioplastics from agro-industrial waste for multiple applications and through diverse processing strategies. We provide an overview of bio-based plastics derived from raw biomass, discuss their principal applications, highlight recent technological advances, concisely examine the key challenges that researchers and industry must address to scale up their production and enhance their performance for broader integration into the plastics industry. Finally, we present perspectives on the future challenges and opportunities of bioplastics from both technological and sustainability viewpoints.