Study on the performance of grouting materials prepared using TEA and straw ash based on response surface method

Abstract:This study presents a systematic optimization of grouting material formulations using triethanolamine (TEA) and straw ash via the Box-Behnken Design (BBD) of Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The research successfully developed highly significant quadratic regression models for predicting key performance indicators, including fluidity and 28-day compressive strength, with R 2 values exceeding 0.95. Analysis revealed that the main effects, interaction effects, and quadratic terms of TEA dosage, straw ash content, and W/C ratio all significantly influenced the material’s properties. Multi-objective optimization identified an optimal formulation: 0.65% TEA, 5% straw ash, and a W/C ratio of 0.33. Validation tests confirmed that this formulation achieved a fluidity of 189.4 mm and a compressive strength of 34.6 MPa, with an error of less than 5%. The findings demonstrate the efficacy of RSM in designing high-performance, sustainable grouting materials, offering a viable pathway for the valorization of agricultural waste.