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The present research examines the influence of Green Intellectual Capital (GIC) on Sustainable Competitive Advantage (SCA) in Kazakhstan's mining industry, as well as the roles of Green Ambidexterity Innovation (GAI) and Green Transformational Leadership (GTL) in the GIC‐SCA relationship. The study provides insights into the mechanisms through which green intangible resources and capabilities drive sustainability and competitiveness in a resource‐intensive industry. Drawing on the Intellectual Capital View (ICV) and the Natural Resource‐Based View (NRBV), this research employs Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS‐SEM) to analyze data collected from 157 mining companies in Kazakhstan between September and November 2024. The results reveal that GIC positively impacts SCA, with GAI and GTL acting as partial mediators and thus underlining their importance in transforming green intellectual resources into business competitiveness. The originality of this study lies in its integrated examination of GAI and GTL as complementary mediating mechanisms in the GIC–SCA relationship, providing novel evidence from Kazakhstan's mining industry.
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Konurbayeva et al. (2026) studied this question.
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