Influence of caregiver’s sense of coherence on oral health-related behaviors of preschool children: A cross-sectional study

Background : Sense of Coherence (SOC) represents an individual’s ability to cope with stress and adopt health-enhancing behaviors. Evidence suggests that individuals with stronger SOC are more likely to maintain better oral hygiene practices. However, there is a scarcity of data examining how caregivers’ SOC influences oral health behaviors in preschool children. Aims and Objectives : To evaluate the association between caregivers’ Sense of Coherence (SOC) and oral health-related behaviors among preschool children aged 3–5 years in Lucknow city. Materials and Methods : A cross-sectional survey was carried out among caregivers and their 3–5-year-old children attending 20 randomly selected private preschools in Lucknow. Information was obtained using a structured questionnaire that included Antonovsky’s SOC-13 scale, items assessing caregivers’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to oral health, and questions regarding children’s oral hygiene behaviors such as brushing frequency, consumption of sugary foods and drinks, and patterns of dental visits. Socio-demographic characteristics were considered as confounding variables. Results : Higher SOC scores were observed among male caregivers, urban residents, and individuals belonging to higher socioeconomic groups. Caregivers with stronger SOC demonstrated significantly better oral health knowledge and practices. A higher SOC was also associated with favorable behaviors in children, including reduced sugar consumption, more frequent toothbrushing, and increased utilization of dental services. Conclusion : The findings indicate that caregivers’ Sense of Coherence plays a significant role in shaping oral health behaviors in preschool children. Strengthening SOC among caregivers could be a valuable strategy for promoting healthy oral habits during early childhood.