August 6, 2025Frontiers in PediatricsOpen Access

Clinical features and outcomes of nine children with acute necrotizing encephalopathy

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Discussion

Retrospective analysis shows high mortality and identifies early treatment strategies in pediatric acute necrotizing encephalopathy.

Core finding indicates that acute necrotizing encephalopathy (ANE) can follow influenza A infection in children.
Major symptoms include fever, seizure, and altered consciousness, with MRI showing bilateral thalamic lesions.
Survivors had lower acute necrotizing encephalopathy Severity Scores and received early immunomodulatory treatments.
Neurological improvement is significant in survivors post rehabilitation therapy, impacting long-term outcomes.

Zhang et al. (2025) studied this question.

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