THE ORIGIN OF THE HADITH ABOUT JAMPI-JAMPI: A Review of Harald Motzki's Isnad Cum Matan Analysis

Hadiths about conjuring or ruqyah have become an important theme in hadith studies, especially regarding their authenticity both in terms of sanad and matn. The different views of classical scholars and modern scholars regarding the validity of this hadith prompted the need for an in-depth study. This study aims to examine the origin of the jampi jampi hadith using the isnad cum matn analysis approach developed by Harald Motzki. The research was conducted qualitatively with a literature study design. Data were collected from primary hadith books such as Sahih al-Bukhari, Sahih Muslim, Sunan Abu Dawud, as well as modern hadith criticism literature. The data analysis technique is descriptive-analytical, by mapping the sanad path, assessing the credibility of the narrators, and comparing the variants of the hadith matn. The results show that the jampi-jampi hadith has several strong transmission routes, although there are differences in the wording. Motzki's approach helps to identify the historical layers in hadith transmission, confirming that most of the traditions about ruqyah have their transmission roots up to the generation of the tabi'in. In conclusion, the isnad cum matn method not only strengthens the authenticity of the jampi jampi traditions but also provides a broader contextual understanding of the practice of ruqyah in Muslim societies. [Hadis tentang jampi-jampi atau ruqyah menjadi tema penting dalam studi hadis, terutama terkait keasliannya baik dari sisi sanad maupun matn. Perbedaan pandangan ulama klasik dan sarjana modern mengenai validitas hadis ini mendorong perlunya kajian mendalam. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji asal-usul hadis jampi-jampi dengan menggunakan pendekatan analisis isnad cum matn yang dikembangkan Harald Motzki. Penelitian dilakukan secara kualitatif dengan desain studi kepustakaan. Data dikumpulkan dari kitab-kitab hadis primer seperti Sahih al-Bukhari, Sahih Muslim, Sunan Abu Dawud, serta literatur kritik hadis modern. Teknik analisis data bersifat deskriptif-analitis, dengan memetakan jalur sanad, menilai kredibilitas perawi, dan membandingkan varian matn hadis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hadis jampi-jampi memiliki beberapa jalur periwayatan yang cukup kuat, meskipun terdapat perbedaan redaksi. Pendekatan Motzki membantu mengidentifikasi lapisan historis dalam transmisi hadis, menegaskan bahwa sebagian besar hadis tentang ruqyah memiliki akar periwayatan hingga generasi tabi‘in. Kesimpulannya, metode isnad cum matn tidak hanya memperkuat keautentikan hadis jampi-jampi, tetapi juga memberikan pemahaman kontekstual yang lebih luas mengenai praktik ruqyah dalam masyarakat Muslim.]