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August 11, 2025EnergiesOpen Access

Optimal Spot Market Participation of PV + BESS: Impact of BESS Sizing in Utility-Scale and Distributed Configurations

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Authors

ASAndrea ScroccaRPRoberto PisaniDADiego Andreotti

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Overview

Study compares utility-scale and distributed photovoltaic systems with battery energy-storage systems, suggesting optimal sizing affects outcomes.

Key Points

  • Imbalance netting and energy arbitrage improve financial returns for BESS with PV systems, enhancing market participation.
  • A utility-scale 1 MW PV system needs 220 kWh storage to maintain dispatchability, increasing costs by 13.1%.
  • A multistage stochastic mixed-integer linear programming model optimizes solar energy market offers, considering battery size.
  • Larger storage capacities yield better economic outcomes under a multiple-service strategy, indicating significant cost benefits.

Cite This Study

Scrocca et al. (2025) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/68a35ef30a429f79733282f4https://doi.org/10.3390/en18143791
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