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Evaluate the feasibility of utility-scale battery energy storage systems for enhancing grid flexibility and increasing producer profits.

February 2, 2026SustainabilityOpen Access

Enhancing Grid Sustainability Through Utility-Scale BESS: Flexibility via Time-Shifting Contracts and Arbitrage

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Techno-economic analysis demonstrates how BESS enhances grid flexibility, indicating potential profitability for producers.

Evaluate the feasibility of utility-scale battery energy storage systems for enhancing grid flexibility and increasing producer profits.
Utilized a two-step mixed integer linear programming (MILP) optimization approach.
Analyzed scheduling of BESS charge and discharge operations using historical generation and market data.
Maximized net present value to determine optimal system sizing and profitability.
The analysis revealed that a stand-alone BESS can achieve profitability comparable to TSO incentives.
Condition-specific arbitrage opportunities for BESSs were identified that enhance economic viability.
Sensitivity analyses considered factors like BESS degradation and market volatility.

Lilla et al. (2026) studied this question.

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