Lineament Analysis and Water Level Variations in the Geodynamic Assessment of the Charvak Reservoir Area, Uzbekistan (2022–2024)

Seasonal fluctuations in water levels can significantly influence geodynamic processes in tectonically active reservoir regions. This study investigates such effects around the Charvak Reservoir (Uzbekistan) using lineament analysis derived from Landsat 9 satellite imagery for the period 2022–2024. Lineaments were extracted using the pyLefa tool across three seasonal phases—March, July, and October—to capture deformation patterns associated with minimum, peak, and declining water levels. Results reveal a strong correlation between reservoir volume and lineament density, with peak values observed during high water levels. Orientation changes further indicate stress redistribution and possible reactivation of surface faults. Seismic records confirm spatial alignment between active fault zones and areas of high lineament density. These findings provide new insight into how hydrological loading interacts with crustal structures and demonstrate the value of multi-temporal lineament mapping as a tool for monitoring reservoir-induced deformation and supporting geohazard risk assessment.