What type of study is this?

This is a Observational study (also classified as: Case Report).

August 25, 2025Deleted JournalOpen Access

The Implementation of the Social Licence to Operate (SLO) Concept in Nickel Mining Governance in Kolaka Regency

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Observational analysis highlights superficial SLO implementation in nickel mining, indicating CSR outpaces genuine community engagement.

SLO implementation in Kolaka lacks genuine social legitimacy, and this undermines community trust.
Key evidence shows that social acceptance relies heavily on corporate social responsibility initiatives rather than community input.
Document analysis and field observations reveal that FPIC is not being properly executed, failing to include indigenous voices.
These findings suggest the need for a more transparent and participatory approach to uphold FPIC principles, enhancing community engagement.

Umirul Ham (2025) studied this question.

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