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This review highlights the diverse functions of phospholipase C in mammals and plants, suggesting its role in cellular signaling and virulence in bacteria.
Phospholipase C (PLC) plays crucial roles in phospholipid metabolism by generating second messengers regulating diverse cellular processes. PLCs are classified into phosphatidylinositol-specific PLCs (PI-PLCs) and non-specific PLCs. Among them, PI-PLCs are highly conserved across mammals, plants, and bacteria, with distinct structural organizations and regulatory mechanisms. Mammalian PI-PLCs participate in intracellular signaling and modulate various pathways, such as the G protein-coupled receptor- and receptor tyrosine kinase-mediated cascades, whereas plant PI-PLCs regulate the growth and stress responses via phosphatidic acid and inositol phosphate signaling. Bacterial PI-PLCs contribute to virulence by targeting the host cell membranes and glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored proteins. Despite structural variations, PI-PLCs share conserved catalytic mechanisms integral to cellular physiology across different organisms. This review article highlights the structural diversity and functional significance of PI-PLCs in mammals, plants, and bacteria.
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Kanemaru et al. (2025) studied this question.
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