Empirical analysis reveals expectation confirmation enhances perceived usefulness and satisfaction in digital leisure users, suggesting design improvements.
This study empirically investigated the structural relationships among expectation confirmation, perceived usefulness, and satisfaction based on digital leisure sports participation. A total of 200 valid responses were collected from adults with experience using smartwatches, fitness apps, and screen golf systems. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to examine the proposed model. The results revealed that expectation confirmation had a significant positive effect on both perceived usefulness and satisfaction. Additionally, perceived usefulness also positively influenced satisfaction. These findings suggest that users’ post-experience evaluations in digital leisure activities play a critical role in shaping cognitive and emotional outcomes. This study provides theoretical insights and practical implications for designing user-centered digital sports services that enhance leisure quality.
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Ji et al. (2025) studied this question.
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