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Dynamics of neutralizing antibodies against COVID-19 Omicron subvariants following breakthrough infection in southwest China between December 2022 and April 2024

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Observational analysis showed immune responses vary in COVID-19 patients, indicating immune escape risks.

A surge in neutralizing antibody titers occurred post-infection wave across 3128 serum samples analyzed monthly.
Higher antibody responses were associated with individuals vaccinated with two or three doses, especially after the December 2022 outbreak.
Dynamic evaluations were conducted to investigate humoral immunity and responses to emerging variants like XBB.1.5.
Continual surveillance is essential to address the rapid antigenic evolution of SARS-CoV-2 and maintain effective immunity.

He et al. (2025) studied this question.

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