Management of Chondrosarcoma of the Mandible

Aim: The aim of this study is to present the clinicopathological characteristics of chondrosarcoma of the mandible. Material and Method: This retrospective study included patients diagnosed with chondrosarcoma of the mandible who underwent tumor excision with subsequent reconstruction. Results: Three female patients, with a median age of 35 years, underwent wide local excision of mandibular chondrosarcoma followed by reconstruction. All patients presented with rapidly progressing painless facial swelling, and biopsy revealed neoplasms arranged in lobules composed of spindle cells exhibiting moderate cytoplasm, pleomorphic vesicular nuclei, and prominent nucleoli demonstrating moderate nuclear atypia. Central chondroid matrix containing atypical chondrocytes in lacunae was observed, along with a mitotic rate of 7-8/10 hpf, areas of necrosis, calcification, and Ki-67 positivity. Wide local excision of the primary tumor was performed in all cases, and none of the patients received radiotherapy. All patients were followed for at least one year, with no recurrence observed. Conclusion: Early detection followed by radical surgical resection remains pivotal for achieving a favorable prognosis in mandibular chondrosarcoma. Given the high risk of recurrence, diligent long-term follow-up is imperative.