Semiconductors as the Main Technology of Today: Moore's Law and the Struggle for Technological Dominance

The article systematically summarizes the experience of six decades of semiconductor technology development with an emphasis on the struggle for global dominance by the United States. It presents the current state of this segment of the global economy in its most competitive part—the value chain of chips for artificial intelligence and mobile devices. Particular attention is paid to the competition between the United States and China in the production of microchips for artificial intelligence in the context of their geopolitical confrontation, growing expectations, and inflated stock market capitalizations. It consistently presents an analysis of the development strategies of the semiconductor industry in four key jurisdictions—the United States, China, Taiwan, and the European Union. The article concludes with an analysis of the growing contradictions and attempts of key players to gain a foothold in the most promising market in the world.