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September 10, 2025Reports — Medical Cases Images and VideosOpen Access

Fatal Cytokine Collision: HLH–AIHA in Advanced AIDS—Case Report and Literature Review

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Authors

XZXiaoyi ZhangMNMaría Félix Torres NolascoWLWing Fai Li

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Overview

Case report reveals overlapping HLH-AIHA in advanced AIDS patients, suggesting urgent need for targeted therapies.

Key Points

  • This case illustrates the life-threatening overlap of HLH and AIHA in an AIDS patient with severe immune dysregulation.
  • Key findings include extreme hyperferritinemia and elevated soluble IL-2 receptor levels, complicating diagnosis and treatment.
  • Observational analysis of the patient highlighted the myelotoxicity of etoposide in this vulnerable population.
  • Highlighting the urgent need for alternative therapies, this case shows the challenges in managing dual hematologic syndromes.

Cite This Study

Zhang et al. (2025) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/68c1b19954b1d3bfb60e8fc7https://doi.org/10.3390/reports8030137
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