Pengembangan E-handout Materi Fotosintesis dalam Melatihkan Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis Siswa SMA Kelas XII

The learning process carried outoptimally meets the demands of the Education curriculum including in developing critical thinking skills. A critical attitude is born from a critical thinking skill. One strategy carried out to overcome the problem is the development of photosynthetic material e-handouts in training flipbook-based students' critical thinking skills. This study aims to describe the validity, practicality and effectiveness of the e-handouts developed. Assessment of the practicality of e-handouts through small group evaluation and field test evaluation. The object of this study is a biology e-handout in training students' critical thinking skills based on flipbooks, the research subjects consisted of 3 learners for individual tests, 5 learners for small group tests and 16 learners for field tests. The data collection instruments used were readability test questionnaires, implementation test questionnaires, student response questionnaires, and critical thinking skills measurement activity sheets. This is supported by the positive response from students to learning using the developed e-handout. Flipbook-based Biology e-handouts in practicing critical thinking skills developed are declared effective based on students' critical thinking skills at the effectiveness of actuallyobtaining an N-Gain value of 0.6 with moderate criteria. It can be concluded that e-handouts on photosynthesis material in training students' critical thinking skills developed are valid, practical and effective.