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September 10, 2025European Journal of Surgical OncologyOpen Access

Image-guided real-time optical biopsy in oncologic surgery: a systematic review of the role of confocal microscopy in the era of digital surgery

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Authors

MPMatteo PavoneUniversità Cattolica del Sacro CuoreNMNicola MacellariUniversità Cattolica del Sacro CuoreCIChiara InnocenziUniversità Cattolica del Sacro Cuore

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Overview

Systematic review reveals confocal microscopy enhances diagnostic sensitivity in oncologic surgery, suggesting improved outcomes.

Key Points

  • Confocal microscopy achieves diagnostic sensitivity and specificity over 80% in detecting malignancies.
  • Most studies utilized confocal microscopy intraoperatively, integrating it with artificial intelligence for analysis.
  • The systematic review analyzed 33 clinical studies and 13 ongoing trials using PRISMA guidelines for evaluation.
  • Confocal laser microscopy was the most commonly used modality, indicating its importance in modern surgical practices.

Cite This Study

Pavone et al. (2025) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/68c1d21f54b1d3bfb60f74e8https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejso.2025.110412
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  5. 5Application of confocal laser microscopy and its feasibility in routine diagnosis of surgical biopsy specimens2026