Effects of Air Pollution on Women's Reproductive Health

Objective: To analyze the effects of air pollution on female reproductive health, with a focus on infertility, through a systematic literature review. Method: Systematic review with a qualitative and exploratory approach, conducted in the Scopus database, following the PRISMA protocol, and considering articles published between 2014 and 2024. Results and Discussion: The studies analyzed indicate that exposure to pollutants such as PM2.5, PM10, NO₂, and O₃ is associated with reduced ovarian reserve, decreased fecundability, and increased risk of pregnancy loss. Among these, PM2.5 stood out for its broader impacts on gestational health, affecting both women undergoing in vitro fertilization and those with natural conceptions. Research Implications: The findings reinforce the importance of implementing public policies aimed at controlling air quality and promoting reproductive health in urban contexts. Originality/Value: This study provides an updated and well-founded synthesis of reproductive risks associated with air pollution, with a specific focus on women.