Features of echocardiography parameters in acute coronary syndrome in combination with post COVID-19 syndrome

Objective: to evaluate echocardiographic changes in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) combined with post COVID-19 syndrome (PCS). Materials and methods. The study included 118 patients (61 men and 57 women) with ACS+PCS. All patients were subjected to the echocardiography (EchoCG) on the first day, in addition to coronary angiography and general clinical examination methods. The comparison group included 121 patients with ACS but without PCS. Results. In the ACS+PCS group, the following parameters were statistically significantly more frequently recorded than in the ACS group: elevated blood pressure (risk ratio, RR 2.327; 95% confidence interval, CI 1.582-2.699), tachycardia (RR 2.067, 95% CI 1.415-3.730), dyspnea (RR 2.022, 95% CI 1.495-2.736), weakness (RR 4.077, 95% CI 2.946-5.643), and insomnia (RR 1.893, 95% CI 1.519-2.358); p<0.001. According to EchoCG results, in the ACS+PCS group of patients, an increase in the mean pulmonary artery pressure, expansion of its diameter, and mitral valve regurgitation were noted (p<0.001). Of the cardiac complications, the most common were left ventricular apical thrombus (RR 1.785, 95% CI 1.304-2.444), left ventricular aneurysms (RR 1.736, 95% CI 1.234-2.443), along with hypokinesis and akinesis (development of myocardial infarction) (RR 1.673, 95% CI 1.275-2.196; p<0.05). Conclusion. Patients who experienced ACS in combination with PCS exhibited more pronounced EchoCG changes vs. patients without PCS.