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September 17, 2025Applied Psychological MeasurementOpen Access

Distinguishing Between Models for Extreme and Midpoint Response Styles as Opposite Poles of a Single Dimension versus Two Separate Dimensions: A Simulation Study

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Authors

MSMartijn SchoenmakersMBMaria BolsinovaJTJesper Tijmstra

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Overview

Simulation study evaluates response styles in Likert-type questionnaires, suggesting implications for IRT models.

Key Points

  • Results indicate that both AIC and BIC perform well under certain sample sizes and response conditions.
  • The BIC outperforms AIC when no response styles are detected, highlighting the importance of model selection.
  • AIC is more effective than BIC when multiple response style dimensions are present, offering insights into questionnaire validity.
  • The study explores conceptualizations of response styles, emphasizing the need for appropriate modeling in IRT applications.

Cite This Study

Schoenmakers et al. (2025) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/68d4605931b076d99fa5fe37https://doi.org/10.1177/01466216251379471
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1Exploring the Influence of Response Styles on Continuous Scale Assessments: Insights From a Novel Modeling Approach2024 · 5 citations
  2. 2Using Explanatory Item Response Theory to Study Rating-Scale Design Effects on Response Style Discrimination2026
  3. 3Item Response Theory Models for Polytomous Multidimensional Forced‐Choice Items to Measure Construct Differentiation2024 · 1 citations
  4. 4How Extreme Is It Anyways?: An Empirical Investigation Into the Prevalence and Strength of Extreme Response Style2026
  5. 5Individuals with Lower Numeracy show more Extreme and Mid-point Responding: An IRTree Based Approach2024