Prenatal maternal stress and long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes: a narrative review

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Narrative review highlights prenatal stress implications on cognitive and emotional outcomes in children.

Prenatal stress is linked to significant neurodevelopmental challenges in children, including executive function deficits.
Evidence shows heightened risks of anxiety and depressive symptoms associated with maternal stress during pregnancy.
Research highlights key biological mechanisms, such as alterations in the HPA axis and epigenetic modifications.
Future studies should focus on integrating maternal mental health support to enhance both prenatal and postnatal care.

Baroutis et al. (2025) studied this question.

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