Retraction: Y. Tian , “”, Expert Systems 41 , no. ( 2024 ): . https://doi.org/10.1111/exsy.13117 . The above article, published online on 27 July 2022, in Wiley Online Library ( http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/ ), has been retracted by agreement between the journal Editor‐in‐Chief, David Camacho; and John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Following an investigation by the publisher, the parties have concluded that this article was accepted solely on the basis of a compromised peer review process. The editors have therefore decided to retract the article. The author did not respond to our notice regarding the retraction.
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