Does Principal Leadership Make a Difference in School-Based Management in Indonesia? The Balanced Scorecard Lenses

The current study investigates how principal leadership predicts school-based management implementation through the mediating role of school culture. Specifically, the current study employs a balanced scorecard lens to evaluate the implementation of school-based management. Data collected from 355 teachers from 40 primary schools in seven cities in Indonesia were analyzed to test the mediation model. The results indicate that the relationship between principal leadership and school-based management is mediated by school culture. The customer perspective dimension is the dimension of school-based management that receives the most significant mediating effect, followed by internal process, financial perspective, and organizational capacity.