Prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus Complications: Burden and Risks in theSouth Indian Population

Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) is a persistent metabolic condition marked by elevated blood glucose levels, with aglobal increase in prevalence and associated complications. This study investigated the occurrence and impact of diabetes-related complications, including cardiovascular, renal, ocular, neuropathic, and hypoglycemic events, among patients at atertiary care center in South India. Over 1.5 years, 353 individuals with T1DM were assessed using a prospectiveobservational design. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS version 24.The participants' average age was 46.1±10.8 years, with most being male (69.97%) and from rural areas (58.92%). Post-intervention data showed significant improvements, such as a reduction in HbA1c levels from 7.7±0.6% to 6.9±0.4% andlower smoking and alcohol consumption rates. Cardiovascular issues were most common, with hypertension (31.16%),stroke (23.23%), and myocardial infarction (20.68%) leading. Renal complications like nephropathy (13.03%) and end-stage renal disease (11.90%) were also prominent. Infected foot ulcers (18.70%), neuropathy (18.70%), and depression(33.14%) were notable comorbidities. Hypoglycemic episodes highlighted the need for better glycemic regulation.The findings emphasize the need for comprehensive care strategies, including early diagnosis, tailored risk management,and lifestyle modifications. Multidisciplinary approaches integrating physical and mental health interventions are crucialfor mitigating complications and improving outcomes in T1DM patients. Targeted efforts are essential to address the uniquechallenges faced by high-risk groups. Further research is required to enhance preventive and therapeutic strategies formanaging diabetes complications effectively.