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September 28, 2025Open Access

Aquatic Heavy Metal Contamination and Public Health Implications in Urban Freshwater Ecosystems of Pakistan

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Authors

MZMaria ZafarABAsif BilalAIAnisa Iftikhar

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Overview

Comparative analysis reveals heavy metal contamination in drinking water across urban and rural areas, indicating serious public health risks.

Key Points

  • Elevated levels of heavy metals in drinking water sources point to significant health risks for communities.
  • Lead, cadmium, arsenic, and chromium show hazardous concentrations above WHO standards in both settings.
  • Toxicological analysis compares water samples from various sites to assess contamination levels and health implications.
  • The findings highlight the urgent need for better water management and stronger regulations to protect public health.

Cite This Study

Zafar et al. (2025) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/68d913b24ddcf71ba560c16dhttps://doi.org/10.63075/jcs.v3i3.339
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