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October 2, 2025Frontiers in ImmunologyOpen Access

Case report: Spontaneous remission of severe aplastic anemia mediated by mutant hematopoietic stem cells evading T-cell attack

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Authors

KSKohei ShiroshitaYZYoshitaka ZaimokuHKHimari Kudo

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Overview

Case report reveals spontaneous remission in severe aplastic anemia through mutant stem cells evading T-cell destruction, suggesting predictive indicators for enhanced patient management.

Key Points

  • Hematologic recovery occurred within 27 days, indicating a notable reversal of severe aplastic anemia.
  • Key evidence shows that 69% of granulocytes lacked critical HLA haplotypes, pointing to a mechanism of immune evasion.
  • Retrospective analysis indicated most non-lymphoid cells were replaced by mutant stem cells within the bone marrow.
  • Identifying HLA allele-lacking leukocytes early could help predict spontaneous remission, potentially reducing need for intensive treatments.

Cite This Study

Shiroshita et al. (2025) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/68de6f3183cbc991d0a21f4dhttps://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1635943
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Also Consider

Synapse has enriched 5 closely related papers on similar clinical questions. Consider them for comparative context:

  1. 1Transformation of Severe Aplastic Anemia into Donor Cell Leukemia after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Rare Case Report2024
  2. 2Haematopoietic regeneration by <scp>HLA</scp>‐A*0206‐deficient clones in severe aplastic anaemia without definitive immunosuppressive treatment2024 · 1 citations
  3. 3Haploidentical Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Patients with Severe Aplastic Anemia—Single-Centre Experience2024
  4. 4Severe aplastic anemia as a rare autoimmune complication of ankylosing spondylitis2026
  5. 5Early and Long-Lasting Hematologic Recovery in a Young Adult With Severe Aplastic Anemia Treated With Romiplostim, Horse-Anti-Thymocyte Globulin (ATG), and Cyclosporine A: A Case Report2025