What type of study is this?

This is a Cohort Study study (also classified as: Quantitative Study).

Type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus in the working-age population: territorial differences and dynamics in the Russian Federation and St. Petersburg

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Comparative analysis reveals regional differences in type 1 and type 2 diabetes incidence among working-age adults, indicating important trends.

Between 2011 and 2023, type 1 diabetes prevalence in St. Petersburg was consistently higher than the Russian average.
Type 2 diabetes showed a significant increase in St. Petersburg, with +54.4% compared to +34.0% nationally during the same period.
Incidence of type 1 diabetes in St. Petersburg decreased by –30.7%, contrasting with a slight increase of +0.8% on average in Russia.
The findings highlight a need for tailored preventive measures in St. Petersburg due to its regional diabetes trends.

Sadykhova et al. (2025) studied this question.

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Comparative analysis reveals regional differences in type 1 and type 2 diabetes incidence among working-age adults, indicating important trends.