Nursing care for pregnant women with gestational hypertension: an integrative literature review

Introduction: Preeclampsia is a disorder that can occur after the 20th week of pregnancy, during childbirth, and up to 48 hours after childbirth. Signs that may be indicative of this condition are: nausea; headache and visual disturbances; pain in the epigastric region; accelerated weight gain; arterial hypertension. Edema and proteinuria are complementary symptoms that do not depend on them to make a diagnosis. Objective: To analyze the evidence available in the literature on the topic: nursing care for women with gestational hypertension. Methodology: This is descriptive research with a qualitative approach. The descriptors were: Pregnancy; Preeclampsia; Nursing care. The inclusion criteria were articles in Portuguese, English, and Spanish, the full texts of which are available for free and in full, in the period from 2016 to 2021. Studies that were not in accordance with the research problem, studies that did not, were excluded from the research. They were scientific articles and duplicate articles. Results: Initially, 182 articles were found and after analysis, the final sample consisted of 10 articles which were subdivided into thematic categories, namely: Profile of pregnant women with gestational hypertension and nursing care for pregnant women with gestational hypertension. Conclusion: It is considered that characterizing the profile of pregnant women is important, as it contributes to the identification of risks, aiming to reduce health problems. It was possible to observe the importance of Systematization of Nursing Care (Sistematização da Assistência de Enfermagem - SAE) in actions aimed at caring for the disease and emotional support. Thus, it becomes relevant to the unique nursing care for each of the patients, being essential for early adequate interventions, providing a safe pregnancy for the mother-fetus binomial.